【新唐人2013年11月20日讯】随着中国大陆南水北调工程通水进入倒计时，这项耗资5千亿、总工期长达50年的〝三峡孪生姐妹工程〞，所引发的争议，再度被舆论所关注。人们发现，当年反对这一工程的专家所担忧的问题和作出的预测，在工程即将收尾的今天逐一应验，有些则成为无解难题。而这些隐患在通水后将继续恶化，造成不可挽回的损失。因此水利专家王维洛指出：南水北调工程是比三峡更可怕的工程。
所谓南水北调，顾名思义就是将南方的水往北调的工程——通过东线、西线、中线三条〝运河〞把长江的水输送到北方地区。这项工程最早的设想，来源于1952年毛泽东异想天开的一句〝南方水多，北方水少，如有可能，借点水来也是可以的。〞但工程自提出那一刻起，便始终与巨大的争议相伴。
持反对观点的专家、学者们认为，南水北调工程将会对自然生态环境造成浩劫性破坏，包括导致水体污染扩大、血吸虫病北移、土壤盐渍化、江水资源失衡、水生生物种群减少甚至灭绝等等，而这些不利的影响自工程上马后，已经逐渐显露。
前长江水资源保护局局长水资源保护专家翁立达：〝这个调水以后，肯定有些会对长江有点影响，调出区和调入区都会有影响，调水以后对长江的水量可能会减少，特别是中线对汉江中下游会有影响，这个是完全可能。〞
四川省地矿局区域地质调查队工程师范晓：〝东线主要问题它就是水污染，因为它经过淮河流域，是我们国家水质污染最厉害的一个区域，所以这个污水调过去以后，实际上很难应用的。 〞
据官方数据显示，南水北调的东线和中线沿线，要经过众多癌症高发区，而工程的建设又催生了无数〝癌症村〞。
今年6月2号，南水北调工程山东东平八里湾站试水，将大量北上污水放入东平湖，导致湖鱼死绝，渔民跪地大哭。而这样的毒水，将在2014年全面进入北京、天津等城市。对此，香港《苹果日报》预言，南水北调工程可能成为世界最大的〝致癌工程〞。
此外，专家们还指出，南水北调工程诱发的地震等自然灾害，将严重危害沿线百姓的生命安全。
刘素梅、徐礼华等多名中国地震专家，在《国际地球物理学报》上发表文章预期，南水北调中线项目的水源地——丹江口水库，一旦大坝加高，有可能触发4级以上的地震活动。
范晓：〝虽然没正式送水，一个是移民的问题，现在已经出现，大量移民安置，这是一个很困难的问题，而且 导致库区移民的生活水平下降。另外的话，这个沿线的话，也是一个地质灾害比较多的，它主要是地震，我们国家很多的一个地震带，这个地震的活动对送水工程的影响，它的安全性，也是很大问题。〞
另据有关数据显示，南水北调工程还造成了34万农业人口被迫迁移，数十万亩良田沉入江底。由于安置条件差，失去耕地的移民生活极为悲惨凄凉。一名河南淅川移民在网上哭诉，移民后，他们失去了平均每人3亩的耕地和每家数间的瓦房，取而代之的是每人每年仅有60元人民币的补助款，住在拥挤漏雨的豆腐渣安置房里，过着断粮缺水的生活。
据估算，南水北调引水入京成本是每吨水10元，而目前海水淡化的成本在每吨4元左右，为何中共在众多专家学者极力反对的情况下，一意孤行坚持南水北调？
范晓：〝因为它带上了很多政治的色彩，当然这个里面也有利益的驱使，当然它是少数强势利益集团，比如说具体做南水北调工程的，水利部下面的一些大的公司，因为它可以从里面获得很多利益，一旦批准上马，国家的投资或者贷款就大量的来。〞
至于南水北调工程以后的长远效益，范晓说，中共当局完全不去考虑。
专家们指出，当局完全可以通过节水、治污、利用再生水等方式缓解中国当前的水危机，而不是采取南水北调这种〝拆东墙补西墙〞的愚蠢做法，这样只能导致缺水范围扩大，直到全中国永久性缺水。
采访编辑/张天宇 后制/陈建铭
Signs of Disaster Show at The Completion of River Projects
The countdown for the start of China's South to North
water diversion project is underway.
The project will take 50 years to complete, and it together with
it's twin, the Three Gorges Dam, will cost an estimated
500 billion yuan ($82 billion).
Since the beginning of this project, experts have worried and
warned against the possible disasters it could bring.
Signs have started to show, and the disasters are believed to
continue to worsen and finally become unsolvable.
Water conservancy expert Wang Weiluo says,
"This water diversion project is more detrimental than
the Three Gorges Dam."
The South to North water diversion project, by definition,
transfers water from the Yangtze River to China's north
via eastern, western, and central routes.
The idea came a remark made by Mao Zedong in 1952,
"Southern water is plentiful, northern water scarce.
If at all possible, borrowing some water would be good."
Ever since, intense debates have accompanied the project.
Opponents argue that these massive dam projects are
wreaking havoc on river systems across China,
from water pollution, to transmission of parasitic diseases,
soil salinization, river ecosystem imbalance, devastating and
even extinction of species.
Many of these adverse effects have gradually emerged
since the beginning of the project.
Weng Lida, former Yangtze River Water Resources Protection
Bureau director: "Water diversion will certainly affect both
the Yangtze River and the diversion areas.
The diversion will evaporate the Yangtze River and
cause water reduction.
The central route will also impact the downstream
Han River (a tributary of the Yangtze River)."
Fan Xiao, engineer at the Regional Geological and Mineral
Bureau of Sichuan Province: "Water pollution is the main
issue for the eastern route which goes through the Huai basin,
the most seriously polluted reservoir in China.
This water cannot be used at all."
Official documents show that both eastern and central routes
pass many cancer prone areas.
Many more cancer villages also emerged
along with the constructions of the dams.
On June 2 this year, a test of the water diversion project
was conducted at Bali station of Dongping county, Shandong.
As the polluted water was poured into the Dongping Lake,
lake fish completely died out and
local fishermen dropped to their knees crying.
Such toxic water will be going to Beijing and Tianjin.
Hong Kong-based Apple Daily reports that the project
could turn into the world's biggest 'cancer project'.
Experts warn that earthquakes and other natural disasters
induced by these massive dams can also seriously endanger
human life in the areas near the rivers.
Scientists Liu Sumei, Xu Lihua and Pradeep Talwani said in
a Geophysical Journal International article that raising
the Danjiangkou Reservoir's water level, located in the centre
of the route, could trigger earthquakes above magnitude 4.
Fan Xiao: "Although these dams have not formally started
operation, the relocation problem has become a major issue.
It is destroying the standard of living for people in the area.
These dams are also built around the high risk seismic zones,
posing huge dangers to construction
and the security of these dams."
The dams have forced an estimated 340,000 people to migrate
and submerged hundreds of thousands of acres of farmlands.
Those landless peasants, receiving poor compensation,
have since lived in poverty.
A migrant from Xichuan County, Henan grieved online,
saying that they've lost their land and homes due to relocation.
Given about 60 yuan ($10) in annual compensation per person,
they have since lived in shabby temporary housing
without food and water.
The cost to divert water from southern China to Beijing
is estimated at 10 yuan ($1.64) per ton, and desalination costs
are currently about 4 yuan ($0.66) per ton.
So why does the Communist regime insist on the project
despite many oppositions?
Fan Xiao: "It is driven by politics and interests,
of course, the interests of those who are in power.
For instance, those who are in charge of the project and
the companies under the Ministry of Water Resources
will profit.
Once it's approved, the state investment and loans will follow."
As for the long-term effects of the water diversion project,
Fan Xiao says that the Communist regime doesn't care at all.
Many experts have indicated that the crisis of water resources
in China can be reduced through conserving water,
treating pollution, and recycling water.
This south to north water diversion project is criticized
as a mistake at the expense of all.
It is not only ineffective but also detrimental to the water
reservoir of the whole country.
Interview & Edit/ZhangTianyu Post-Production/ChenJianmin
相关标签： 南水北调
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